"tris" meaning in Old Irish

See tris in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈt̠ʲɾʲis/
Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *tristos, from *tri- (“three”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”), literally “third-standing”. The formation is paralleled by Proto-Italic *tristos (“witness”, literally “third standing (by)”). The original form was tres(s); the i is due analogy with the cardinal. Etymology templates: {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*tristos}} Proto-Celtic *tristos, {{af|ine-pro|*tri-|*steh₂-|lit=third-standing|nocat=1|t1=three|t2=to stand}} *tri- (“three”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”), literally “third-standing”, {{cog|itc-pro|*tristos|lit=third standing (by)|t=witness}} Proto-Italic *tristos (“witness”, literally “third standing (by)”) Head templates: {{head|sga|adjective|||||||head=|var=}} tris, {{sga-adj}} tris Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-adj-o-a|dsm=triuss|gsf=tresi}}, {{sga-decl-adj-table|acc_f_sg=tris|acc_m_pl=trisu trisa†|acc_m_sg=tris|dat_f_sg=tris|dat_m_sg=triuss|dat_n_sg=triuss|dat_pl=trisaib|gen_f_sg=tresi|gen_m_sg=tris|gen_n_sg=tris|gen_pl=tris|info=o/ā-stem|nom_f_sg=tris|nom_fn_pl=trisa|nom_m_pl=tris|nom_m_sg=tris|nom_n_sg=tris|notes=† not when substantivized|voc_m_pl=trisu trisa†|voc_m_sg=tris}}, {{sga-mutation}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], tris [masculine, nominative, singular], tris [feminine, nominative, singular], tris [neuter, nominative, singular], tris [masculine, singular, vocative], tris [feminine, singular, vocative], tris [neuter, singular, vocative], tris [accusative, masculine, singular], tris [accusative, feminine, singular], tris [accusative, neuter, singular], tris [genitive, masculine, singular], tresi [feminine, genitive, singular], tris [genitive, neuter, singular], triuss [dative, masculine, singular], tris [dative, feminine, singular], triuss [dative, neuter, singular], tris [masculine, nominative, plural], trisa [error-unrecognized-form, feminine, neuter, nominative, singular], trisu [masculine, plural, vocative], trisa [masculine, plural, vocative], trisa [error-unrecognized-form, feminine, neuter, singular, vocative], trisu [accusative, masculine, plural], trisa [accusative, masculine, plural], trisa [accusative, error-unrecognized-form, feminine, neuter, singular], tris [error-unrecognized-form, genitive], tris [genitive, masculine], trisaib [dative, error-unrecognized-form], trisaib [dative, masculine], no-table-tags [table-tags], tris [mutation, mutation-radical], thris [lenition, mutation], tris [error-unrecognized-form, mutation]
  1. third
    Sense id: en-tris-sga-adj-semTJFBb Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header, Old Irish ordinal numbers, Pages with 11 entries, Pages with entries
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "word": "treas"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Manx",
          "lang_code": "gv",
          "word": "trass"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "treas"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Irish",
      "lang_code": "mga",
      "word": "tres"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*tristos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tristos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*tri-",
        "3": "*steh₂-",
        "lit": "third-standing",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "three",
        "t2": "to stand"
      },
      "expansion": "*tri- (“three”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”), literally “third-standing”",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*tristos",
        "lit": "third standing (by)",
        "t": "witness"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *tristos (“witness”, literally “third standing (by)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *tristos, from *tri- (“three”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”), literally “third-standing”. The formation is paralleled by Proto-Italic *tristos (“witness”, literally “third standing (by)”).\nThe original form was tres(s); the i is due analogy with the cardinal.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-adj-o-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o/ā-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tresi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuss",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuss",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thris",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tris",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "tris",
      "name": "sga-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "dsm": "triuss",
        "gsf": "tresi"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-adj-o-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_f_sg": "tris",
        "acc_m_pl": "trisu\ntrisa†",
        "acc_m_sg": "tris",
        "dat_f_sg": "tris",
        "dat_m_sg": "triuss",
        "dat_n_sg": "triuss",
        "dat_pl": "trisaib",
        "gen_f_sg": "tresi",
        "gen_m_sg": "tris",
        "gen_n_sg": "tris",
        "gen_pl": "tris",
        "info": "o/ā-stem",
        "nom_f_sg": "tris",
        "nom_fn_pl": "trisa",
        "nom_m_pl": "tris",
        "nom_m_sg": "tris",
        "nom_n_sg": "tris",
        "notes": "† not when substantivized",
        "voc_m_pl": "trisu\ntrisa†",
        "voc_m_sg": "tris"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish ordinal numbers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 11 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third"
      ],
      "id": "en-tris-sga-adj-semTJFBb",
      "links": [
        [
          "third",
          "third"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt̠ʲɾʲis/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tris"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "word": "treas"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Manx",
          "lang_code": "gv",
          "word": "trass"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "lang_code": "gd",
          "word": "treas"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Irish",
      "lang_code": "mga",
      "word": "tres"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*tristos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tristos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*tri-",
        "3": "*steh₂-",
        "lit": "third-standing",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t1": "three",
        "t2": "to stand"
      },
      "expansion": "*tri- (“three”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”), literally “third-standing”",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "itc-pro",
        "2": "*tristos",
        "lit": "third standing (by)",
        "t": "witness"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *tristos (“witness”, literally “third standing (by)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *tristos, from *tri- (“three”) + *steh₂- (“to stand”), literally “third-standing”. The formation is paralleled by Proto-Italic *tristos (“witness”, literally “third standing (by)”).\nThe original form was tres(s); the i is due analogy with the cardinal.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-adj-o-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o/ā-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tresi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuss",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "triuss",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "feminine",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trisaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thris",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "lenition",
        "mutation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tris",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "var": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tris",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "tris",
      "name": "sga-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "dsm": "triuss",
        "gsf": "tresi"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-adj-o-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_f_sg": "tris",
        "acc_m_pl": "trisu\ntrisa†",
        "acc_m_sg": "tris",
        "dat_f_sg": "tris",
        "dat_m_sg": "triuss",
        "dat_n_sg": "triuss",
        "dat_pl": "trisaib",
        "gen_f_sg": "tresi",
        "gen_m_sg": "tris",
        "gen_n_sg": "tris",
        "gen_pl": "tris",
        "info": "o/ā-stem",
        "nom_f_sg": "tris",
        "nom_fn_pl": "trisa",
        "nom_m_pl": "tris",
        "nom_m_sg": "tris",
        "nom_n_sg": "tris",
        "notes": "† not when substantivized",
        "voc_m_pl": "trisu\ntrisa†",
        "voc_m_sg": "tris"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-adj-table"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish adjectives",
        "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Irish lemmas",
        "Old Irish o/ā-stem adjectives",
        "Old Irish ordinal numbers",
        "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
        "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
        "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 11 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "third",
          "third"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈt̠ʲɾʲis/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tris"
}

Download raw JSONL data for tris meaning in Old Irish (5.5kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'feminine/neuter'",
  "path": [
    "tris"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "tris",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "tris"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "tris",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.